Assessment of Toxoplasmosis-Related Knowledge Among Patients and Their Companions at the University Hospital of Maringá
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17696/2318-3691.31.01.2025.268Keywords:
Brazil, Public Health, Toxoplasmosis, Ocular, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Primary PreventionAbstract
Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a widely distributed parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. It typically causes mild symptoms such as lymphadenopathy and fever in immunocompetent individuals, but can lead to more severe symptoms in immunocompromised patients and congenital infections. Objective: Assess the knowledge of patients and their companions regarding various aspects of Toxoplasmosis. Methods: This study was conducted at the Regional University Hospital of Maringá from July to September 2024. Questionnaires were administered to patients and their companions about the manifestations, modes of transmission, and prophylaxis of Toxoplasmosis. Results: A total of 30 men and 40 women were interviewed, predominantly aged between 25 and 59 years (64.2%), with at least a high school diploma (71.4%) and prior knowledge of Toxoplasmosis (87.1%). The most common sources of infection mentioned were contact with cat feces (81.4%), consumption of raw vegetables (55.7%), and undercooked meats (52.9%). The most frequently cited symptoms associated with Toxoplasmosis were problems during pregnancy (75.7%) and fever (72.9%). Itching (57.1%) and a burning sensation (41.4%) were the most reported among ocular symptoms. Only one patient reported having the disease, with involvement of the left eye. Conclusion: Most respondents understand the risks associated with Toxoplasmosis, but the presence of myths and inadequate practices shows that measures to analyze and spread knowledge about this disease could be effective for its prevention and control.
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