Case Reports or Experience

Case reports or case series are articles that represent descriptive data from one or more cases exploring a method or problem using an example, with an essentially didactic approach in addition to academic discussion of the most important aspects, such as clinical, laboratory and anatomopathological aspects. Studies will be considered for publication if they present: information from patients about symptoms, evolution, or association with another disease, not previously observed; effects of drugs not previously described; new diagnostic methods or new diseases. Reports of new therapies for a patient will not be considered.

The manuscript of a case report must be organized following the CARE guidelines and must present the checklist of information included in the preparation of the report, according to the CARE guidelines. Considering these guidelines, the sections of the text should be organized into Title, Abstract, Keywords, Abbreviations, Introduction, Patient Information, Clinical Findings, Timeline, Diagnostic Evaluation, Therapeutic Intervention, Follow-up and Results, Discussion, Patient Perspective and Informed Consent.

Manuscript preparation

1. Style

Data must be stored in repositories.

• Ideas must be presented directly, concisely, clearly, logically and precisely;

• Manuscripts previously stored in a preprint repository (SciELO Preprints, BioRXiv, Fighshare, Zenodo, arXiv e PeerJ Preprints) are accepted;

• The measurements of the International System of Units (SI); universal anatomical terms must be used;

• The universal anatomical terms approved by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists must be used;

• the Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN; https://www.who.int/teams/health-product-and-policy-standards/inn/) to name drugs, substances or active products must be used;

• Word software (Microsoft Office; doc - docx) must be used to write and edit the text as a document.

• The text must be written in British or American English. If the author is not proficient in English, to ensure compliance with correct wording and grammar, it is recommended that they provide a document stating that the manuscript has been proofread by a certified translator. Here are some companies and individuals who offer editing and proofreading services.

• Bottom, top and side margins of 2.5 cm;

• 12-point Times New Roman typeface;

• Single space in the Title and Abstract;

• 1.5 spaces between lines;

• Single space in Tables and Figures;

• Single-spaced references.

• Tabulation of 0.75 cm in the first sentence of each paragraph.

2. Title

The title of the manuscript should be concise and informative, with a maximum of 15 (fifteen) words, without the use of abbreviations.

3. Abstract

The abstract should present the most important aspects of the study, with a maximum of 250 (two hundred and fifty) words. Quotations should not be used in the abstract and abbreviations should be avoided. The text should be clear, concise, direct and structured in the following sections: Introduction, Case Description and Discussion.

4. Keywords

The selection of keywords, words or expressions must be careful,  so that they identify the content of the article and can be found easily. They should not be contained in the title of the article, as indexers automatically search for them. The maximum number of keywords is six, separated by semicolons, with the first letter of each word capitalized. English keywords must appear in the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH).

5. Abbreviations and Acronyms

A complete list of all the abbreviations and acronyms used with their meaning should be inserted immediately after the keywords. In the text, the abbreviation or acronym should be defined the first time it is used, putting the full meaning followed by the abbreviation/acronym in brackets. After that, the abbreviation/acronym should be used throughout the text.

6. Introduction

Concrete and direct text containing information about the subject, context and objective.

7. Case description

At the beginning of the section, reports should state the ethical aspects and follow the policies according to the type of study: with human beings (insert link). Detailed description of the case, following the chronological order of events. Add enough detail; if the manuscript deals with several cases, describe them in sequence. Always keep patients anonymous.

8. Discussion

It is important to emphasize the importance and uniqueness of the case, mainly based on the review of the relevant literature.

9. Tables and Figures

The maximum total number of Tables and Figures is 5 (five). These elements must be numbered with Arabic numerals independently and sequentially inserted into the body of the text exactly at their final location. Before inserting the table into the manuscript, it must be mentioned in the text. The title must be complete and self-explanatory. The meaning of the abbreviations, acronyms and symbols used should be written in the legend. When drawing up tables and figures, the following sequence of symbols should be used: *, †, ‡, §, ||, *,, ††, ‡‡.

Tables must be developed using the Table tool and inserted into the manuscript in an editable format.

The layout of the Tables must respect a maximum width of 15 cm and a maximum height of 22 cm. To send to the magazine, the Table must have a minimum resolution of 600dpi, Tif format and RGB color standard.

10. Citation

In the text, sources of information (bibliographical references) must be identified and cited with Arabic numerals, in ascending and consecutive order, in superscript format, at the end of the corresponding sentence and before the full stop. After a source has been cited for the first time, it may be cited out of sequence. Example: The disease can be considered easily preventable2,3,7-10.

11. References

References follow the “Vancouver” format recommended by the ICMJE. In the list, they should be numbered according to the order in which they appear in the text. An manuscript should contain up to fifteen references; a maximum of 30% of them being more than five years old. Click here to access the reference templates.

12. Authors' contribution

The author of a scientific article is the person who has participated effectively, transparently, and fully in carrying out the study and in the intellectual production of the manuscript. AHS adopts the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

All authors must declare their names and affiliations when submitting the manuscript.

To qualify as an author of a scientific study, a researcher must display all of the following six characteristics or activities:

1. Substantial participation in the elaboration and design of the study; or in the acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data for the study; and,
2. Preparation of the manuscript or critical review with a significant intellectual contribution to its content; and,
3. Final approval of the content to be published; and,
4. Agreement to take responsibility for all components of the study, ensuring that the accuracy or integrity of all aspects of it are adequately investigated and resolved; and,
5. Ability to identify co-authors responsible for other specific parts of the study; and,
6. To have a duty to rely on the integrity of their co-authors' contributions.

13. Acknowledgements

In this section, the author has the opportunity to describe the collaboration of individuals who deserve recognition but do not qualify for authorship. Also, when artificial intelligence (AI) tools are used, the type of use made should be specifically stated in the acknowledgements (name of the tool, stage or part of the study that used it).