Hepatitis B and C in HIV/AIDS patients assisted by the Specialized Assistance Service from Serra Gaúcha, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17696/2318-3691.28.1.2021.1811Keywords:
Coinfection; HIV; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis CAbstract
Introduction: Since the implementation of highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the 1990s, the profile of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has changed and people infected with HIV have lived longer. However, these people are susceptible to other conditions such as type B (HBV) and C (HCV) viral hepatitis. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of HBV and HCV coinfections in HIV/AIDS patients treated by the Specialized Care Service in a municipality located in Serra Gaúcha., Brazil. Method: A total of 722 medical records of patients with HIV/AIDS treated between January 2018 and June 2019 were analyzed according to gender, age, level of education and probable etiology of HIV infection. Results: Among the patients analyzed, 47 (6.5%) had coinfection with viral hepatitis, being the coinfection HIV/HCV the most prevalent. A higher prevalence of co-infections was observed in male patients, and the average age of the population analyzed was 45.8 years. The level of education was considered low, since 22 (46%) patients did not have completed elementary school. Regarding the probable etiology of HIV infection, 25 (53.1%) patients were unaware of how they may have acquired the disease. Conclusions: Despite the low prevalence of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections observed in the present study, knowledge about this subject is important, considering that coinfected patients are more likely to have a poor prognosis as compared to monoinfected patients.
References
Carvalho RC, Hamer ER. Perfil de alterações no hemograma de pacientes HIV. RBAC. 2017;49(1):57-64. doi: 10.21877/2448-3877.201600464
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. HIV/AIDS. Bol Epidemiol [periódico na Internet]. 2020 Dez [acesso em 2021 Jul 8];(Ed Esp):1-68. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/assuntos/media/pdf/2020/dezembro/01/boletim-hiv_aids-2020-internet.pdf
Weitzel T, Rodríguez F, Noriega LM, Marcotti A, Duran L, Palavecino C, et al. Hepatitis B and C virus infection among HIV patients within the public and private healthcare systems in Chile: a cross-sectional serosurvey. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(1):e0227776. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227776
Puglia M, Stasi C, Da Fre M, Voller F. Prevalence and characteristics of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV coinfections in Tuscany. Braz J Infect Dis. 2016;20(4):330-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2015.11.007
Singh KP, Crane M, Audsley J, Avihingsanon A, Sasadeusz J, Lewin SR. HIV-hepatitis B virus coinfection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. AIDS. 2017;31(15):2035-52. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001574
Sun HY, Sheng WH, Tsai MS, Lee KY, Chang SY, Hung CC. Hepatitis B virus coinfection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a review. World J Gastroenterol. 2014;20(40):14598-614. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14598
Merchante N, Rodríguez-Arrondo F, Revollo B, Merino E, Ibarra S, Galindo MJ, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological response with interferon-free regimens HIV/HCV-coinfect patients. AIDS. 2018;32(11):1423-30. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001809
Merchante N, Rodríguez-Fernández M, Pineda JA. Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV-patients: current evidence and controversies. Curr HIV/AIDS Reports. 2020;17(1):6-17. doi: 10.1007/s11904-019-00475-0
Sun J, Althoff KN, Jing Y, Horberg MA, Buchacz K, Gill MJ, et al. Trends in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence and risk among persons with HIV in the US and Canada, 1996-2015. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(2):e2037512. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.37512
World Health Organization. Global Hepatitis Report 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017.
Tavora LGF, Hyppolito EB, Cruz JNM, Portela NMB, Pereira SM, Veras CM. Hepatitis B, C and HIV co-infections seroprevalence in a northeast Brazilian center. Arq Gastroenterol. 2013;50(4):277-80. doi: 10.1590/S0004-28032013000400007
Silva CM, Peder LD, Guelere AM, Horvath JD, Silva ES, Teixeira JJV, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected patients in an HBV endemic area in Brazil. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(9):e0203272. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203272
Oliveira SB, Merchán-Hamann E, Amorin LDAF. HIV/AIDS coinfection with the hepatitis B and C viruses in Brazil. Cad Saude Publica. 2014;30(2):433-8. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00010413
Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Hepatites Virais 2019. Bol Epidemiol [periódico na Internet]. 2019 Jul [acesso em 2019 Out 21];50(1):3-76. Disponível em: file:///C:/Users/30062/Downloads/boletim_hepatites_2019_c_.pdf
Librelotto CS, Simon D, Ikuta N, Lunge VR. Low prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection in a medium size city in southern Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2014;18(6):689-90. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2014.05.014
Antonello VS, Antonello ICF, Zaltron RF, Tovo CV. HIV and hepatitis C Virus coinfection. Who is this patient today? Arq Gastroenterol. 2016;53(3):180-4. doi: 10.1590/S0004-28032016000300011
Tizzot MR, Grisbach CB, Beltrame MH, Messias-Reason IJT. Seroprevalence of HCV markers among HIV infected patients from Curitiba and metropolitan region. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2016;62(1):65-71. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.62.01.65
Portelinha Filho AM, Nascimento CU, Tannouri TN, Troiani C, Ascêncio EL, Bonfim R, et al. Seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV co-infection in selected individuals from state of São Paulo, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009;104(7):960-3. doi: 10.1590/S0074-02762009000700003
Carvalho FHP, Coêlho MRCD, Vilella TAS, Silva JLA, Melo HRL. Co-infecção por HIV/HCV em hospital universitário de Recife, Brasil. Rev Saude Publica. 2019;43(1):133-9. doi: 10.1590/S0034-89102009000100017
Freitas SZ, Soares CC, Tanaka TSO, Lindenberg ASC, Teles AS, Torres MS, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and genotypes of hepatitis B infection among HIV-infected patients in the State of MS, Central Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2014;18(5):473-80. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2014.01.005
Santos OP, Souza MR, Borges CJ, Noll M, Lima FC, Barros PS. Hepatites B, C e sífilis: prevalência e características associadas à coinfecção entre soropositivos. Cogitare Enferm. 2017;22(3):1-8. doi: 10.5380/ce.v22i3.51621.Santos OP, Souza MR, Borges CJ, Noll M, Lima FC, Barros PS. Hepatites B, C e sífilis: prevalência e características associadas à coinfecção entre soropositivos. Cogitare Enferm. 2017;22(3):1-8. doi: 10.5380/ce.v22i3.516
Moreira M, Ramos A, Netto EM, Brites C. Characteristics of co-infections by HCV and HBV among Brazilian patients infected by HIV-1 and/or HTLV-1. Braz J Infect Dis. 2013;17(6):661-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2013.04.009
Toscano ALCC, Corrêa MCM. Evolution of hepatitis B serological markers in HIV coinfected patients: a case study. Rev Saude Publica. 2017;51:1-8. doi: 10.1590/S1518-8787.2017051006693
Silva VCM. Estudo da infecção do vírus da Hepatite C em pacientes infectados pelo HIV [dissertação]. São Paulo: Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças; 2016.
Soriano V, Puoti M, Bonacini M, Brook G, Cargnel A, Rockstroh J, et al. Care of patients with chronic hepatitis B and HIV coinfection: recommendations from an HIV-HBV International Panel. AIDS. 2005;19(6):221-40. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000163948.62176.e7
Silva VM. Avaliação e proposta de fluxo de atendimento de coinfectados HIV/HCV em hospital universitário no estado do Rio de Janeiro [dissertação]. Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro- UNIRIO; 2019.
Vieira AC, Tizzot MRPA, Santos VLP, Bovo F, Reason IM. Epidemiological analysis of serological markers of hepatitis B in HIV+ patients from Curitiba and metropolitan region. J Bras Patol Med Lab. 2015;51(1):17-21. https://doi.org/.5935/1676-2444.20150004
Brandão NAA, Pfrimer IAH, Martelli CMT, Turchi MD. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection and associated factors in people living with HIV in Midwestern Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2015;19(4):426-30. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2015.02.001
Puga MAM, Bandeira LM, Pompilio MA, Croda J, Rezende GR, Dorisbor LFP, et al. Prevalence and incidence of HCV infection among prisoners in Central Brazil. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(1):e0169195. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169195
Rachid M, Schechter M. Manual de HIV/AIDS. 10. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Revinter; 2017.
Souza MG, Passos ADC, Machado AA, Figueiredo JFC, Esmeraldino LE. Co-infecção HIV e vírus da hepatite B: prevalência e fatores de risco. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2004;37(5):391-5. doi: 10.1590/S0037-86822004000500004
McFaul K, Maghlaoui A, Nzuruba M, Farnworth S, Foxton M, Anderson M, et al. Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV-negative men who have sex with men. J Viral Hepat. 2015;22(6):535-8 doi: 10.1111/jvh.12366
Marchesini AM, Prá-Baldi ZP, Mesquita F, Bueno R, Buchalla CM. Hepatites B e C em usuários de drogas injetáveis vivendo com HIV em São Paulo, Brasil. Rev Saude Publica. 2007;41(Supl2):57-63 doi: 10.1590/S0034-89102007000900010
Baltazar CS, Horth R, Boothe M, Sathane I, Young P, Langa DC, et al. High prevalence of HIV, HBsAg and anti-HCV positivity among people who inject drugs: results of the first bio-behavioral survey using respondent-driven sampling in two urban areas in Mozambique. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):1022. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4655-2
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
